Knee Osteoarthritis (Gonarthrosis)
Progressive degradation of articular cartilage with subchondral remodeling and osteophyte formation
Educational content only — not medical advice.
Anatomy
Mechanical joint pain aggravated by weight-bearing and stair descent, morning stiffness < 30 min, crepitus, joint effusion.
Action
Imbalance between chondrocyte extracellular matrix synthesis and metalloproteinase catabolism causes cartilage erosion, subchondral bone friction, and marginal osteophytes.
Clinical notes
Conservative management centers on weight reduction, quadriceps strengthening, and intra-articular injections; severe disease warrants total knee arthroplasty.